Stamping safety technology of the hottest steel ba

Steel barrel stamping safety technology

many processes in steel barrel production are stamping, shearing, bending and other production methods, and the machinery they use is generally called stamping machinery. Stamping machinery is an integral part of forging machinery. Common types include open or closed presses, multi position automatic presses, die rotary presses, high-speed presses, precision blanking presses, plate shears, shear punching machines, leveling machines, bending machines, etc. According to the pressure, more than 300t can be divided into large stamping machines, 100t~300t are medium-sized stamping machines, and less than 100t are small stamping machines; According to the main structure, it can be divided into open type, closed type, single point type and double point type; According to the driving mode, it can be divided into hydraulic type, crank type and screw type; According to the open clutch, it can be divided into rigid, friction and electromagnetic types. Barrel making, punching, shearing and pressing equipment is a processing machine that applies pressure on materials to produce plastic deformation or separation to obtain barrel parts of various shapes. It is mainly used in the production of barrel cover (top), barrel bottom, barrel mouth, sealer, blanking and other processes

at present, the essential safety of punching and shearing machinery used more in the barrel industry is generally poor, especially for equipment with open structure, it is difficult to stop at any position by using rigid clutch, and it is difficult to reinstall safety protection measures; Most stamping machines are simple to operate, with high frequency of use. After continuous and repeated operations, operators are prone to fatigue and mistakes; In addition, the noise of punching, shearing and pressing machinery is generally more than 90dB, which has been listed as one of the top ten industrial noise sources; The frequency of accidents in the operation of punching and shearing machinery is high, which is the first in the steel barrel production equipment, among which the finger injury (breakage) accidents of the starting equipment in the process of workpiece placing and taking are the most

clutch is a mechanism used to make the punch (slider) of press move and stop. At present, rigid clutch and disc friction clutch are widely used. Rigid clutch is widely used in open mechanical press with nominal pressure below 1000KN and sliding block stroke times below 200 times/min. the release protector operating system should check whether there is fracture of rotating key, key handle or straight key, and whether the lever, pin and spring of the manipulator are broken; Whether the electrical system has electromagnet adhesion, intermediate relay adhesion, stroke limiter failure, check whether the brake belt is broken, etc., to prevent the clutch failure from causing the sliding block to move out of control and causing continuous impact accidents. For the press with rigid clutch, the crank top dead center stop angle is not more than 5O, and the crank top dead center stop angle of the pneumatic friction press should not be more than 5o~ 10o. The action of the clutch should be sensitive and reliable

the function of the brake is to prevent the inertia rotation of the crankshaft and make the slider stop at the required position quickly; It can also balance the weight of the slider and prevent the slider from falling. The brake and clutch must be coordinated and connected with each other, that is, when starting up, the brake is disengaged first, and the clutch is combined a little later. The brake action must be sensitive and reliable, and the rigid brake belt must be free of falling off, bumps and oil stains; The interlocking or connection between clutch and brake shall be accurate and tight, and the work shall be stable and coordinated. The sliding block shall be near the top dead center during normal shutdown

generally, the emergency stop button should be installed on the friction clutch type press machine tool, which can prevent hand punching accidents in case of emergency. There should be emergency stop buttons in front of and behind the large stamping machine. The emergency stop buttons should protrude from other buttons or planes, and the buttons should have eye-catching red marks

the plate shears commonly used in barrel production are mostly mechanically driven. Production safety requires that the bolts, nuts, pins and other fasteners used on the important parts of the plate shears must take strict anti loosening measures; The cutting process must be compressed first and then cut. There should be sufficient pressing force and sufficient pressing feet, and its bottom surface should be straight and complete. The operating switch and handle shall be installed within the convenient range of the operator, and the height shall be 1~1.5m from the standing plane of the operator; In order to prevent the shear head or debris from splashing out, a protective baffle must be added in the dangerous area, with fast communication speed or protection; When installing or replacing the blade of the plate cutter, it must be correct, firm, reliable and labor-saving

the exposed part of the foot switch of the punching, shearing and pressing machine should have the upper part and two anti-skid protective covers. It is forbidden to use the switch without cover, but it can not be installed on the workbench (without object impact). The shield has sufficient strength, and the whole length of the pedal bar of the plate shear should be installed with a cover (the flap hole can be installed so that the foot can extend into the operation); The spring of the foot switch should be pressed to ensure recovery. The power line of the switch shall be a three core rubber sheathed cable covered with a snake skin tube. If it does not move and there is a possibility of objects smashing the line, it shall be covered (worn) with channel steel or steel pipe for protection. The free stroke of the foot switch shall not be less than 15mm, the switch shell shall be connected to zero, and the switch shall be waterproof, moisture-proof, sensitive and reliable

the transmission gears, pulleys, flywheels, couplings and other transmission parts of the punching machine exposed below 2m from the machine bed to the operator's standing plane should be equipped with effective protective covers. For transmission parts that are not frequently adjusted and maintained, the protective cover can be fixed, otherwise it should be movable. For the equipment with working platform, the exposed transmission parts with the platform as the foundation surface and the height less than 2m from the foundation surface must also be provided with effective protective covers. See the mechanical foundation for the strength and common requirements of the protective cover

the safety device of punching, shearing and pressing machine is to prevent injury accidents when the punching and shearing machine tool does not use automatic or semi-automatic feeding and unloading devices, and to prevent the punching die or shearing blade or presser foot from closing (pressing) when the upper hand has not left the die area, effective safety devices should be used. Safety devices that have been listed in national standards include: fixed fence type safety devices, movable fence type safety devices, two handed button type, two handed handle type, light type, induction type, flap type, push type and pull type safety devices. In addition, there are air curtain protection, hand push protection, automatic feeding device, etc. The common requirements of safety devices are: the body components of safety devices should have the strength and stiffness required by the function; Fasteners or locating pins shall be reliably prevented from loosening; The relay, limiter and other main electrical components of the safety device shall ensure the capacity and service life specified in the functional design; Electrical control is carried out in the workshop after processing; The light type or induction type elements of the tightness test of the pipeline should meet the requirements of the temperature, interference, dust, etc. of the use environment to ensure sensitive and reliable operation; There should be indicating signals or signs at the beginning of electrical control; The selection switch on the safety device shall adopt the key conversion mode even in the extremely high temperature range; The design, manufacture and classification of various safety devices according to their use: the inspection and use of experimental machines for measuring mechanical properties and process experiments should meet the relevant technical requirements or standards, and the self-made ones should be installed and used after many tests

for some small stamping machines, when it is inconvenient to install appropriate safety devices, hand-held special tools with low labor intensity and convenient and flexible use can be selected to realize off mold operation. Special tools include pliers, tweezers, hooks, electromagnetic or permanent magnet suction cups (suction clips), etc., which is also one of the current safety protection measures for stamping operations. It is required that in the process operation, the stamping die number and the name and number of special tools should be indicated on the process card. When workers operate, they use tools to carry out stamping operations according to the requirements of the process card, so as to realize the requirements of not entering the die by hand. When conditions permit, special tools should be gradually changed into automatic or semi-automatic feeding and discharging mechanisms or advanced and effective safety devices should be adopted, and the color mold management of color classification should not be used to replace the safety devices